Einführung: Netzwerke & Chains
Das Layer-Konzept
Blockchains werden oft in Schichten unterteilt. Layer 1 (L1) bezeichnet die Basisschicht (z.B. Ethereum oder Bitcoin), die für Sicherheit und Endgültigkeit sorgt. Layer 2 (L2) Lösungen bauen darauf auf, um die Kapazität zu erhöhen und Kosten zu senken.
EVM vs. Non-EVM
Die EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) ist ein Standard für Smart Contracts. EVM-kompatible Netzwerke erlauben die Nutzung derselben Tools und Wallets (z.B. MetaMask). Non-EVM Netzwerke (z.B. Solana) nutzen eigene Architekturen für maximale Performance.
Kaspa
Kaspa is a BlockDAG-based Proof-of-Work chain with ~1 block/second. KAS powers fast, scalable real-time payments in a high-frequency network.
Hedera
Hedera uses Hashgraph consensus for fast, low-cost transactions. HBAR powers Enterprise-DLT, tokenization, and data integrity in the scalable Web3 network.
Filecoin
Filecoin is a decentralized storage marketplace that secures data through Proof-of-Storage. FIL coordinates storage, retrieval, and economic incentives in the Web3 data ecosystem.
Zcash
Zcash uses zk-SNARKs for confidential transactions. Users choose between transparent and fully private transfers within a limited supply model.
Dash
Dash is a payment blockchain with InstantSend, Masternodes and Treasury governance. Designed for instant, cost-effective digital cash transactions.
Monero
Monero ist eine Privacy-Blockchain mit vollständig anonymen Transaktionen. Ring Signatures, Stealth Addresses und RingCT sichern fungible, nicht nachverfolgbare Zahlungen.
Bitcoin Cash
Bitcoin Cash is a scalability-focused payment blockchain with large blocks and low fees. Designed for fast peer-to-peer transactions in everyday use.
Litecoin
Litecoin is a fast Proof-of-Work payment blockchain with low fees and 2.5-minute block times. Developed for global peer-to-peer payments.
Stellar
Stellar is a payment blockchain for remittances and fiat-crypto transfers. XLM serves as a bridge asset for fast, low-cost global payments.
The Open Network
TON is a highly scalable Layer-1 with dynamic sharding and Telegram integration. Toncoin powers payments, dApps, and messaging-based Web3 economies.
Dogecoin
Dogecoin is a meme-based payment blockchain with fast transactions and low fees. Community, virality, and micropayments drive the DOGE economy.
Celo
Celo is a mobile-first blockchain for stablecoin payments and financial inclusion. Phone number wallets, low fees, and CELO staking drive global Web3 payments.
XRP Ledger
Der XRP Ledger ist eine Payment-Blockchain für globale Liquidität und Echtzeit-Settlement. XRP dient als Brückenasset für schnelle, kostengünstige Währungstransfers.
Gnosis Chain
Gnosis is an EVM-compatible chain for DAO treasuries, multisig wallets, and stablecoin payments. GNO secures governance, while xDAI enables stable fees.
Fantom
Fantom is a DAG-based Layer-1 with Lachesis-aBFT consensus. Fast finality, low fees, and EVM compatibility make it the DeFi execution infrastructure.
Tron
Tron ist eine hochskalierbare Layer-1 für Stablecoin-Transfers, Payments und DeFi. Niedrige Gebühren, DPoS-Konsens und TRX-Staking treiben globale On-Chain-Zahlungen an.
Sui
Sui is an object-based Layer-1 with parallel asset execution. Designed for gaming, NFTs, and real-time Web3 – scalable, fast, and Move-based secure.
Aptos
Aptos is a high-performance Layer-1 with parallel execution and Move smart contracts. Scalable, secure, and designed for gaming, DeFi, and mass Web3 adoption.
Near Protocol
NEAR is a sharding-based Layer-1 with Nightshade architecture, fast finality and high user-friendliness. Scalable, cost-effective and designed for mass Web3 adoption.
Cosmos
Cosmos connects sovereign blockchains via IBC into an interoperable multi-chain ecosystem. ATOM secures governance, staking, and cross-chain communication in the hub-and-zone model.
Polkadot
Polkadot connects blockchains via Relay Chain and Parachains into an interoperable multi-chain network. DOT secures governance, staking, and cross-chain communication.
Cardano
Cardano is a research-based Layer-1 blockchain with Ouroboros PoS, Lovelace subdivision, and on-chain governance. Focus: security, scalability, and sustainable Web3 infrastructure.
Cronos
Cronos is an EVM-compatible Layer-1 focused on DeFi, Payments, and Web3-Commerce. CRO powers transactions, staking, and exchange integration within the Crypto.com ecosystem.
Ronin
Ronin is a gaming-optimized Layer-1 blockchain for NFTs and play-to-earn economies. Low fees, high scalability, and RON staking drive Web3 gaming.